Filter apparatus



April 3, 1951 E. E. HALLANDl-:R 2,547,205

FILTER APPARATUS Filed sept. 5, 1947i 4 sheets-sheet 1 E. E. HALLANDER April 3, 1951 FILTER APPARATUS 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 3, 1947 April 3, 1951 E. E. HALLANDER FILTER APPARATUS 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Sept. 3, 1947 @y 2%@ Zay/@wf BY April 3, 1951 E. E. HALLANDER FILTER APPARATUS 4 sheets-sheet 4 Filed Sept. 3, 1947 atentecl pr. 3, 195i T 11.20F FICE .i EILT-ER APPARATUS .ratiowfilelaware j 'provedifeature's of construction?wlerebythe ap- Y j 'j paratus shall operatevith" high'eflici'ency and `for re1a'tive1y` long 'periods of "time-'Without 'clean- Ying of'the' lte'r"elen1ents.

Water, andY my. invention 'contemplates fa'" filter .particularly adaptd'for use"vvith such `so1utions.

' f1 AsV is known Ain'the. ar't,'th`e" ltr Yelements usual- "g 1y; comprise oerforate'frames"covered'- by' filter ''arjplaced in'the'solvent zto be'ltered, before it y .eri'terstheV filtering apparatussothat thepowder ,.may build up on theb filter' "elothand form l an 1" efficient" filtering f medium."V The` dry cleaning heavieritharrwater.

fAriothe'rl object `is tolp'rovide'a*filter` apparatus v"which shall` have 'amoveland--improved cons-truc- .tion and arrangement of a taDKV'thefinIetf-therefor," filter elementsl and theoutletf-wh`ereby the '"'f'liquid 'to bef-filteredshallflowfintW-theitank at. the topv and 'faft'enQhavingpasse'df'through=Athe VHlterelements"shall-flow outwardly'frm the1top f^thertankfurther object entire/invention vis lto provide 'inveland improved rn'eair's forfsuspnding-the 'filter-'elements' at' *their 'uppe1i-1edgesg-whereby if'tlrey vvill be heldiinfspaeed)approximatelyfparallel relation byaction of gravity,"therebys'lelimia'tin'g f the y 'neessityfffor bottom; rails or racks i and Lthe' coinplieations 'an'dfFexpenseifncident hereto. r`Still another object is to iprovidefanovelfand -'mprovedcombinatioi'i'vofla tank having anfopenng at Lone"enclltheref through Which-'itheffilter Jelements may bef.-'irfserted,= randwlneansv for asus-f pending the filter elements in the tank fatitlieir Y "upper edges 's'o'f` that they-may beifinserted in and removed from the casing through said ioqhening byfaffsiinplesliding action. f

Another'fobject iis 'tonprovidei'a novelarid lim@l "5 'proved' Aconstruction `lvandcoinbirxatiori oft'a'rtank,

filter elements, an inlet and' anl outlet; whereby Nback-washing without 'the'necessityforrrenioving the filter' element land so thatfthe Wash-*liquid 'Will flow.l outwardly' at-the-upperportiori o`f the `tank Whilathe fil-tering`v compounds =and'\other nonefloatableinatter"will sink to-fthe-bottoni of lthe tank from whicht-hey Icaribe easilyfremoved. l" fther objects-are toi provide a# novel=nd1-im proved lter element whichslfia'll`- include lafperf-'rforated frame, a-`-1i1terbag'"-*fitte'cli thereovenfand mmeans forl c1ampingetheeopen'fend io'f a'thea-bag. on ldalla frame; to provide novel andlimproved'nneans hier suspendng'sueh a-i'ilteihfelement in a'itank, and Yto obtain-:other -acli/antages#'andy 'resultsithat will be brought y'out byltheifo'llowing;description conjunction Y .With-#ther accompanying xdrawfiings, in which l 20 l IFigure l --s -a A-sicleelevational:l View of l arg1-liter apparatusY embodying my f inventiomlLWith-lrportions brokenfaway-andlshown` inasectionxsfor `lolea-mess `iin illustration;y

*Figure 2-Yis a-frontelevational viewioffthaz-lter 20 Y fapparatus with portions :.broken away;

i? TFigu're 5 islia'fraglnentary transversevertical f sectional View, approximately 'on .the plane '.ofthe 30 lineA 5--5y oifFigu're 1;

YFigure '7 `is a' igreatlyl enlarged:.transverserver- 35f "tical sectional View" throughfone .of--th filters elements and a-'portion of. itssuspendingi-means;

YiFigureS'is a greatly..enlargedlside;elevational vrView of one oi the :filter t frames fand" its:v corref spending filter .bag detached. fromV the Vsuspend- .30 ring means;

1 Figure '9 is a fragmentaryc'omposite:sectional vi"'elevational view, approximately, on 'theplane of :fthe 'line 5)9 ofsFigure 2,if'and i t: Figure .10fis an enlarged.fragmentary'fvertical l5 longitudinali sectional: "View, approximately; on

l fthe plane ofthe line l-U--l of Figure 2.

'f .Specifically f describingz-the illustrated.. embodii mentV ofY the.v inventionfrtheilter.'f.apparati-isi includesa .tank 'A having a. bottom. walls! ,.eside 50: 'Walls 2;' a rear wall lSkandia-:top wall 4.; Thezother f ri-Lend ofthe .tankfh'as an :openingfflwhichrisgnormallyiclosed by. aido'orifliA Which.-:has .a paeki11g 7 :s1 to provide'fae '.waterftight. :joint: between! 1 ther-,door andi thel edges fof ethefopening 5. :Thesdoor, has a 5=5.;.perimetra1ff1ange 8,.Which telescopesroveratheswalls 2,547,2os f of the tank at the edges of the opening 5, and the door is held in closed position by a plurality of bars 9 each of which has each end bifurcated at I to cooperate with an ear I| projecting from the vertical guard frame I2 that is in spaced relation to each of opposite sides of the tank and is secured to the top and bottom of the tank as by welding. Thev ears and arms of the bifurcations I0 have registering openings to receive pins or bolts I4 for mounting the bars 9 on the guard frames I2. Each bar 9 has adjacent each end Vthereof a clamping screw I5 to abut the door 6 at the corresponding edge portion thereof. If desired, the door may also have a pair of hinge plates I6 rigidly connected thereto and hinged to corresponding ears II at one side of the tank by the corresponding bolt or pin i4. In this way, the door can be hingedly mounted relatively to the tank. To open the door, the clamping screws I5 are loosened and the pins or bolts I4 on at least one side of the tank are removed so that the bars 9 can be pulled away from the end of the tank to permit the door to be removed. Where the hinge plates I6 are used, the door may be swung outwardly from the tank on the hinges.

A plurality of lter elements B are insertable into and removable from the tank through the door opening 5 and are suspended at their upper edges so that they are held in approximately parallel planes by the action of gravity. As shown, each lter element comprises a rigid rectangular open frame I'l in which is a screen I8. The rigid frame I1 is preferably channel-shaped in cross section and has portions i3 overlying opposite sides of the screen along the edges of the latter, the upper edge of the frame having outwardly diverging or inclined flanges 2E) which cooperate with an inherently resilient split tubular member or header 2I which serves both as a discharge member for the filter element and for clamping the corded edge 22 of a lter bag 23 on the frame. In assembling the parts of the filter element, the lter frame is initially separated from the split tubular member 2| and the cloth bag 23 is drawn upwardly and snugly over the frame with the beaded edges at the mouth of the bag underlying the flanges y2|] at opposite sides of the frame. Thereupon, the assembled bag and frame are slid into one end of the split tubular element with the free edges of the latter beneath the beads 22 on the b'ag,as best shown in Figure 7. rEhe inherent resiliency of the member 2i rmly holds the bag on the frame and the beads 22 on the bag are held in contact with the walls of the header 2| which incline upwardly and outwardly from the edges of the longitudinal slot.

For mounting the lter elements'in the tank, all of the headers 2| are rigidly connected together by a tie plate 24, and one end of each header is soldered in an opening 25 of a discharge manifold 26 which is mounted on the inside of the rear wall of the tank and has a discharge nipple 21 extending through said wall and on which is fitted a nut 28 for clamping the manifold in position. Cooperating with the tie plate 24 is a hanger ange 29 which is secured to and depends from the inside of the top wall of the tank, said tie plate being separably attached to said hanger flange by bolts or cap screws 3G, as best shown in Figures 1 and '7. The end or" each header 2| opposite the outlet manifold 25 is closed by a removable cap 3| that has a finger grip 32 for manipulating said cap. After the assembled filter elements have been slid into their respective headers 2|, the caps 3| are applied to the 4 headers, and in order to remove the lter elements from the headers, it is merely necessary to detach the caps 3| and pull the lter frames and the bags longitudinally outwardly from the headers. As shown in Figure 9, the end portions of the filter bags are abutted by the respective caps and the front walls of the outlet manifold 26, as shown in Figure 9, so as to prevent liquid from passing into the headers without passing through the lter bag.

An outlet pipe 33 is connected to the nipples 21 of the manifold and is disposedin approximate horizontal alinement with the discharge openings of the filter elements, and the inlet 34 of the tankv is disposed in the top wall thereof. Accordingly, the liquid to be filtered carrying the ltering powder or compound will fill the tank andthe powder will be rst deposited on the upper portions of the filter bags adjacent the outlets during operation of the lter apparatus. Therefore, when the solvent is heavier than water, the water will -normally rise to the top of the liquid body vin the tank and the thick deposit of powder at the upper portion of the lter elements will protect the cloth of the filter bags from contact with.the water. This is important, because Water tends to clog the filter cloth. During continued operation of the apparatus, as the porosity of the upper portion of the filter element decreases, the powder will gradually build up on the lower portion of the filter element until the whole surface of each bag is coated with a filter medium.

When the porosity of the lter medium diminishes to a certain point, the apparatus may be back-washed in a simple and rapid manner by simply causing wash water to flow into the tank through the outlet pipe 33 through the headers 2| and backwardly or outwardly through the lter bags. This operation dislodges the powder and other accumulated matter from the bags. The non-buoyant matter will kdrop into a drawer or tray 35 at the bottom of the tank which preferably has a mesh or reticulated bottom 36, while the oatable or buoyant material will be carried out with the wash water through the inlet 34. After the washing operation, or at any other desired time, the tank may be drained through a drain opening 31 at the bottom of the tank which normally may be closed by a plug or valve. i

To diffuse the incoming stream of liquidnuring the filtering operation, a plate 38 may be arranged on the headers 2| immediately below the inlet opening 34.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that the lter elements can be easily and quickly inserted in and removed from the tank; they are supported in a simple and inexpensive manner, being held in spaced relation by action of gravity so ras to limit the necessity for rails or other supports at their lower edges, and the fluid passages through the apparatus are so related to the iilter elements that high eliciency of operation and long life of the filter medium are ensured.

While I have shown my invention as embodied in certain details of construction, it should A be understood that this is primarily for the purpose of illustrating the now preferred embodiment of the invention and that many modifications and changes can be made in the construction of the lter apparatus within the spirit and scope of the invention. Y f

Having thus described the invention, what I claim is:

1. A filter comprising a tank having an inlet, a door in a vertical side wall and discharge passages at the side of the tank opposite said door, fiat filter elements insertable edgewise into and from said tank through said door and each including a fiat rigid foraminous frame and a filter bag fitted thereover and having its mouth disposed adjacent the upper edge of said frame, means for suspending said filter elements at their upper edges in said tank so that said elements are held in vertical planes perpendicular to the plane of said side wall, said last-named means including a tubular header for each filter element having a longitudinal slot, each filter element being slidable edgewise into said slotl of the corresponding header with the mouth of the corresponding filter bag opening into said tubular header, one end of each header being connected to one of said discharge passages in the tank, and a seal cap at the other end of each header.

2. A filter element comprising a tank having an inlet, and a door in a vertical side wall and discharge passages at the side of the tank opposite said door, flat filter elements insertable edgewise into and from said tank through said door and each including a fiat rigid foraminous frame and a filter bag fitted thereover and having a beaded edge at its mouth disposed adjacent the upper edge of said frame, means for suspending said filter elements at their upper edges in said tank so that said elements are held in vertical planes perpendicular to the plane of said side wall, said last-named means including a tubular header for each Vfilter element having a longitudinal slot and its walls at opposite sides of said slot resilient and inclining upwardly and outwardly from the edges of the slot, each filter element being slidable edgewise into said slot of the corresponding header with the beaded edge at the mouth of the corresponding filter bag and held by the weight of the filter element in contact with said inclined walls of the header so that said bag is clamped between said header and said frame, means for mounting said headers in said tank horizontally in perpendicular relation to the plane of said wall with one end of each header connected to one of said discharge passages in the tank, and a seal cap at the other end of each header.V

3. A lter as defined in claim 1 with the addition of means for securing all of said headers in said tank and including a tie plate fastened to all of the headers intermediate their ends, a hanger ange on the top wall of said tank and means connecting said tie plate to said hanger flange.

4. A filter comprising a tank having a door in a side wall, fiat filter elements insertable into and removable from said tank through said door and each including a reticulated frame covered by a filter cloth, approximately parallel split tubular headers into each of which the upper edge of one filter element is fitted with said filter cloth gripped between said header and said frame, a discharge manifold in said tank opposite said door and having openings into each of which one end of one of said headers is fitted, a seal cap on the other end of each of said headers, and means for supporting said headers in said tank comprising a tie plate secured to 'all of said headers intermediate their ends, a hanger fiange on the top wall of said tank, and means connecting said tie plate to said hanger fiange.

5. A filter comprising a tank having a door in a side wall, flat filter elements insertable into and removable from said tank through said door and each including a reticulated frame covered by a filterA cloth, approximately parallel split tubular headers into each of which the upper edge of one filter element is tted with said filter cloth gripped between said header and said frame, a

discharge manifold in'said tank opposite saidY door andV having openings into each of which one end of one of said headers is fitted, a seal cap on the other end of each of said headers, and means for supporting said headers in said tank comprising a tie plate secured to all of said headers intermediate their ends, a hanger fiange on the top wall of said tank, and means connecting said tie plate to said hanger fiange, said discharge manifold being removably mounted on one wall of and within said tank.

6. A filter comprising a tank having a door in a side wall, flat filter elements insertable into and removable from said tank edgewise through said door and each including a reticulated frame covered by a filter cloth, split tubular headers into each of which the upper edge of one filter element is fitted with said filter cloth gripped between said header and said frame, a discharge manifold in said tank opposite said door and having openings into each of which one end of one of said headers is fiXedly fitted, means unitarily connecting said headers to said manifold, and means removably mounting said unitarily associated headers and manifold in said tank with said lter elements disposed edgewise to said door.

, ELVIN E. HALLANDER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 756,375 Kathol Apr. 5, 1904 869,372 v Kelly Oct. 29, 1907 1,250,275 Brown Dec. 18, 1917 1,867,397 Brace et al July 12, 1932 1,919,085 Alliott July 18, 1933 2,035,851 Walker Mar. 31, 1936 2,081,300 Hopper May 25, 1937 2,208,135 McCormick et al. July 16, 1940 2,301,430 Malanowski Nov. 10, 1942 2,374,094 Harvout Apr. 17, 1945 2,381,949 Goodloe et al. Aug. 14, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 9,913 France Dec. 22, 1908 823,074 France Oct. 11, 1937 24,801 Switzerland Aug. 15, 1901 67,758 Switzerland Nov. 7, 1913 

